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Floating offshore wind

Equinor — a leading operator and developer of floating offshore wind power

Building on over 50 years’ experience in offshore engineering and operations, we have become a leading operator and developer of floating offshore wind with over 20 years of experience. We now operate nearly half of the world’s floating wind generating capacity, and our ambition is to continue developing this vital renewable energy resource.

Hywind Tampen
Hywind Tampen

Our ambitions

  • Industrialising floating offshore wind will unlock vast new areas for renewable power production and can make a big difference in the world’s energy transition.
  • Equinor’s ambition is to continue industrialising floating offshore wind by developing the right projects, in close collaboration with key suppliers.
  • The right projects are the ones where everything comes together: Wind resources, site conditions, project size, market conditions and regulatory maturity.
Wind turbine maintenance

What are our credentials in offshore wind?

Equinor has been an active pioneer in offshore wind power since 2009, when we launched the Hywind Demo floating wind turbine, based on our extensive experience from the offshore industry.

Since then we have developed many successful large-scale offshore wind projects: Sheringham Shoal, Dudgeon, Hywind Scotland, Hywind Tampen, and Dogger Bank – and we’re working on new projects in many countries worldwide.

Floating wind

Hywind Demo is still operating well today*, more than 15 years since it commenced operations – producing more than expected and suffering less wear and tear.

*The turbine is now owned by UNITECH Offshore and used for research, development and training under the name “UNITECH Zefyros by Hywind Technology”.

  • We further proved the technology by building the world's first floating offshore wind farm, Hywind Scotland in 2017
  • We scaled the technology to what is now the world's largest floating offshore wind farm, Hywind Tampen, which started production in November 2022.
  • We are a robust developer and operator, with a proven track record.

Worker from South Korea
Hywind inventors

How Hywind was born

Two becalmed sailors started to doodle on the back of a napkin – and had a brainwave. Today, nearly 20 years later, those strokes of genius have been transformed into a technology that is virtually synonymous with floating wind turbines: Hywind.

Hywind Scotland maintenance campaign

We completed a heavy maintenance campaign at our Hywind Scotland floating offshore wind farm, a first for the industry. Watch the video to learn more about the campaign.

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Hywind Tampen

What are the advantages of floating offshore wind?

There are many advantages to taking wind turbines further offshore and making them float, since they can be deployed outside shallow waters:

  • We can access the best wind resources, since winds are usually stronger and more consistent further out to sea
  • Floating wind turbines often have a higher capacity factor than those closer to shore, when winds are better
  • Floating turbines enable the deployment of offshore wind power in areas and geographies that are not shallow enough for fixed-bottom wind.
  • They can be deployed closer to the areas where power is needed, such as near large urban centres, without taking up shallow water areas.
  • Offering an alternative to fixed-bottom turbines opens a world of new markets and opportunities
  • 2.4 billion people live within 100 km of the shoreline — floating offshore wind can deliver major-scale power directly to global markets
  • Close to 80% of the world’s potential offshore wind resources are in waters deeper than 60 metres.
Is wind power sustainable?

Is wind power sustainable?

We know many people are concerned about wind turbines. Do they actually reduce greenhouse gas emissions? Do they affect fishing and spoil the environment? Do they emit microplastics? Here, we address common questions.

What are the keys to scaling floating offshore wind?

We believe the following factors are important to realising the full potential of floating offshore wind:

  • To unlock large scale floating offshore wind we need to identify the right projects that can enable a leap from megawatt scale to gigawatt scale.
  • We must enable cross-industry collaboration to build the necessary supply chains and take a pragmatic approach to local content.
  • Collaboration needs to be prioritised over competition in the early stages of the industry’s life cycle.
  • Early co-funding of infrastructure investments is important, and public-private partnerships will be required to invest in infrastructure such as ports.
Dudgeon offshore wind farm
Dudgeon offshore wind farm

How does floating wind affect the environment?

It is impossible to build and operate installations onshore and offshore without impacting the environment. Therefore, our aim is to have net-positive impact on the environment and society from our renewable energy projects.

To get there, we believe close collaboration and dialogue with authorities, local stakeholders and scientific communities is key to successfully develop offshore wind in a sustainable manner. We continuously work to increase the knowledge base on how to sustainably develop floating offshore wind and to successfully coexist with other users of the sea.

Did you know floating windfarms can attract animals foraging for food and shelter? You can read more about this and other effects on biodiversity in floating offshore windfarms in the extensive study below done by Ocean Science consulting on behalf of Equinor.

Barrier effects, ghost fishing, and electromagnetic fields for floating windfarms (PDF)
Fishing vessel

Can floating wind coexist with other marine interests?

We believe in the cooperative coexistence of floating wind and other marine industries and interests. In our experience early dialogue and close collaboration is key.

Trialling static fishing methods within a floating wind farm

There is a perception that floating offshore windfarms make it difficult to fish because of the underwater structures. As the ocean becomes a busier place, can floating offshore wind and the fishing industry coexist?

Through a partnership with Marine Scotland Science, Equinor has undertaken trials at Hywind Scotland to find out whether it is possible to fish safely with certain types of static fishing gear inside the turbine area of a floating offshore windfarm.

These trials provide valuable insights for Equinor's floating offshore wind projects all over the world.

Hywind Scotland static fishing gear trials (PDF)